home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- STUDY OF FAMILY INTERACTION LEAD TO NEW UNDERSTANDING OF ABUSIVE
- PARENTS
-
- Researchers at the University of Toronto have taken
- important steps toward producing a profile of an abusive parent.
- Prof. Gary Walters and doctoral student Lynn Oldershaw of the
- Department of Psychology have developed a system to characterize
- parents who physically abuse their children. This could
- ultimately allow social service professionals to identify
- parents in child abuse.
-
- Over the last five years, Walters and Oldershaw, in
- collaboration with Darlene Hall of the West End Creche, have
- examined over 100 mothers and their three to six-year-old
- children who have been physically abused. In the laboratory, the
- mother and child spend 30 minutes in structured activities such
- as playing, eating and cleaning-up. The family interaction is
- video-taped and later analyzed.
-
- The researchers have developed a system which allows them
- to record the effectiveness of parenting skills. They are
- particularly interested in disciplinary strategies because abuse
- most commonly occurs when the parent wants the child to comply.
- "It's a question of trying to determine which type of parent
- produces which type of child or which type of child elicits
- which type of parental behaviour," explains Oldershaw.
-
- As a result of their work, Walters and Oldershaw have
- identified distinct categories of abusive parents and their
- children. 'Harsh/intrusive' mothers are excessively harsh and
- constantly badger their child to behave. Despite the fact that
- these mothers humiliate and disapprove of their child, there are
- times when they hug, kiss or speak to them warmly. This type of
- mothering produces an aggressive, disobedient child.
-
- A 'covert/hostile' mother shows no positive feelings
- towards her child. She makes blatant attacks on the child's
- self-worth and denies him affection or attention. For his part,
- the child tries to engage his mother's attention and win her
- approval.
-
- An 'emotionally detached' mother has very little
- involvement with her child. She appears depressed and
- uninterested in the child's activities. The child of this type
- of mother displays no characteristics which set him apart from
- other children.
-
- In order to put together a parenting profile, the two
- researchers examine the mother/child interaction and their
- perception and feelings. For instance, Walters and Oldershaw
- take into account the mother's sense of herself as a parent and
- her impression of her child. The researchers also try to
- determine the child's perception of himself or herself and of
- the parent. Abusive parents are often believed to have
- inadequate parenting skills and are referred to programs to
- improve these skills. These programs are particularly
- appropriate for parents who, themselves, were raised by abusive
- parents and as a result are ignorant of any other behavior
- toward her child.
-
- One of the goals of the psychologists is to provide
- information to therapists which will help tailor therapy to the
- individual needs of the abusive parents. "Recidivism rates for
- abusive care-givers are high," says Walters. "To a large extent,
- abusive parents which require a variety of treatment. " Their
- research is funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities
- Research Council.
-
-
- Contact:
- Gary Walters (416)978-7814
- Lynn Oldershaw (416)978-3528
-